Thursday, January 23, 2020
SHOCK INCARCERATION Essay -- essays research papers
     Miranda Warnings      You have the right to remain silent, anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to speak to an attorney, and to have an attorney present during police questioning, if you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed to you by the state. These words have preceded every arrest since Miranda v. Arizona 1966, informing every detained person of his rights before any type of formal police questioning begins. This issue has been a hot topic for decades causing arguments over whether or not the Miranda Warnings should or should not continue to be part of police practices, and judicial procedures. In this paper, the author intends to explore many aspects of the Miranda Warnings including; definition, history, importance to society, constitutional issues, and pro’s and con’s of having the Miranda Warnings incorporated into standard police procedures.      The Miranda Warning, is the requirement set forth by the United States Supreme Court in Miranda v. Arizona June 13, 1966 that prior to the time of arrest and any interrogation of a person suspected of a crime, he/she must be told that he/she has: the right to remain silent, the right to be told that anything he/she said while in custody can and will be used against him/her in a court of law, and that he/she has the right to legal counsel. The Miranda Warnings inform the arrested of constitutional rights and are intended to prevent self-incrimination in violation of the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (Neubauer 2002).      The Fifth Amendment to the Constitution states â€Å"No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation†(Murphy1996). By neglecting to inform a suspect of his Constitutional rights the due course... ...nbsp; 1. Frieden, T. (1999, November 10). Government files brief seeking to preserve Miranda warnings.      CNN. Retrieved Saturday May 1, 2004 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cnn.com/US/9911/02/miranda.warnings.01/      2. Ivers, G. (2002). American Constitutional Law: Power and Politics. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.      3. Miranda v. Arizona: Certiorari to The Supreme Court of Arizona. (1966). United States Supreme Court. Retrieved April 23, 2004 from the World Wide Web: http://www.tourolaw.edu/patch/Miranda/      4.. Mount, S. (2003). The Miranda Warning. Retrieved Saturday May 1, 2004 from the World Wide Web: http://www.usconstitution.net/miranda.html      5. Murphy, G. (1996, October 16). Historical Documents: The Bill of Rights. Cleveland Free-Net. Retrieved April 23, 2004 from the World Wide Web: http://www.lcweb2.loc.gov/const/bor.html           6. Neubauer, D.W. (2002). America’s Courts and the Criminal Justice System. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth: Thomson Learning.     Â
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Middle East Meets West
The Etymology of the Middle East itself finds its roots on Western colonization as American Naval General Alfred Thayer Mahan first coined the Middle East to refer to the areas surrounding the  Persian Gulf in 1902  (Koppes, 1976). Due to the strategic location of the Persian Gulf as the gateway to India, the USA, British and Russian Empires seek the control of it and of its surrounding cities for the purpose of military strength and oil production. Since Germany has ample supply of oil, it is the American and the British colony that came head on to control the Middle East. However such term â€Å"Middle East†expanded in scope especially in the First World War as it does not only pertains to the Persian Gulf but it also includes other Arabic countries or countries that are communists (Laciner, 2006).  For the purpose of this essay we are to define the Middle East as the countries near the Indian and Atlantic Oceans and near the six seas. These now includes the region of India, Syria, Iraq, Palestine, Turkistan, North Africa, Arabia, Caucasus and Indian Peninsula. Since the Middle East is a rich basin of oil, industrialized country has aimed to colonize long before World War 1. The oppression experienced by the Middle Easterners date back to the concept of capitalism. From the 16the century to the present, the Middle East has been subjected to colonization, legal and illegal intervention from Western countries in the guise of peace troops to aide the government in combating terrorists. The first Western Colonizers and oppressors of the Middle East is the Turkish Ottoman Empire which extended through the entire Middle East and some parts of Europe and America. However the Middle East did not fall in the hands of its colonizers without a fight. The Ottoman Empire needed to defeat the powerful government of Egyptian Pasha Mohamed Ali in 1840 to control the Middle East. Due to the advancement in technology and weaponry of the Ottoman Empire, the Middle East gained its power. Nationalism, which became a popular mindset in the Second World War, weakened the hold of the Ottoman Empire to the Middle East therefore giving them freedom. However, due to colonial expansions of America and Europe, these countries organized national liberation movements which are now labeled as terrorists. In 1856 Britain went to war with Iraq since they are placed in strategic location as gateway to India and China. To date, Iraq is in constant need to be on guard as they hold the world most valuable resource and that oil. It can never be denied that countries need to secure resources for their people to ensure safety in the country, thus, developed countries will forever see the Middle East as a rich resource that awaits their presence. Thus the need for strengthened military force in their country is needed to safe guard their people and their resource. A country such as Iraq may be small in terms of land area as compared to the United States and Europe but it is a rich country due to its immense oil depot. This alone gives them power. However the thing with the countries in the Middle East is that they themselves have their own wars. They exists side by side enjoying little land area and they accommodate wars within their borders. Given that these countries fail to Unite may have revealed their downfall. The middle east in itself is a large area with enormous capacity to supply crude oil to the world thus making their National per capita income bloated. If these countries unite their power will not be limited to their land area alone. They have the potential to be far more powerful than the united sates or other developed countries. They have with them the resource and the man power, the only thing that’s missing is unity. However I do recognize the fact that each country in the Middle East is composed of diverse individuals and ethnic groups that needs to be recognized in their own rights, but it seems that what they fail to accept is the fact that for them to resist Western colonization, oppression and intervention they have to unite and be a country of power far greater than the USA. References Koppes, C.R. (1976). â€Å"Captain Mahan, General Gordon and the origin of the term â€Å"Middle East††. Middle East Studies Laciner, D. (2006). Is there a place called ‘Middle East’? Turkish Weekly. Â
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
The Clerk s Tale Self Confidence And Self Respect
In the Clerk s Tale, Griselda actions display a concerning lack of self-confidence and self-respect. She quietly accepts Walter s atrocious behavior without any regard for herself. Her only requests are small acts of respect for the sake of others and her modesty. Griselda has an intense belief in her own inferiority that is a result of her poor social status in her childhood, the strenuous expectations of her husband, and her Christian faith. She feels compelled to accept any and all painful aspects of her marriage because she believes that life is filled with hardships that must be accepted with grace and dignity, because that is what the virtuous do. Griselda accepts the loss of her children and marriage because she does not believe she has a right to disagree with her superior. On the other hand, Walter feels the need to test Griselda because he has an overinflated opinion of himself. Walter tests Griselda to prove that he has the chosen the best wife, which he deserves because he is such an incredible person, if only in his own mind. While Griselda sees herself as inferior, Walter sees himself as superior. These two personalities feed each other in a rather unhealthy way, which explains their concerning behavior. Griselda and Walter are the antithesis of each other, and the events of their marriage are the result of these differences and the environment in which they live. Throughout The Clerk s Tale there are events that are not acceptable in modern society.Show MoreRelated The Power Struggle in The Clerk’s Tale Essay2548 Words  | 11 Pages Through layers of narrators, The Canterbury Tales frequently critique meaningless conventions and abusive uses of authority. 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